World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH OTHER COMORBIDITIES AND TREATMENT

Dr. G. Nagaraju*, G. Sirisha, K. Kavya Sree, K. Pushpa, S. Meghana, N. Sindhu and B. Sanjay Kumar

ABSTRACT

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an increasingly prevalent arrhythmia; its pathophysi
ology and progression are well
studied. Stroke and bleeding risk models have been created and validated. Decision tools for stroke prophylaxis are
evolving, with better options at hand. Utilization of various diagnostic tools offer insight into AF burden a nd
thromboembolic risk. Rate control, rhythm control, and stroke prophylaxis are the cornerstones of AF therapy.
Although antiarrhythmic drugs are useful, AF ablation has become a primary therapeutic strategy. Pulmonary vein
isolation is the cornerstone of AF ablation, and methods to improve ablation safety and efficacy continue to
progress. Ablation of non pulmonary vein sites is increasingly being recognized as an important strategy for
treating non paroxysmal AF. Several new ablation techniques and techn ologies and stroke prophylaxis are being
explored. This is a contemporary review on the prevalence, pathophysiology, risk prediction, prophylaxis,
treatment options, new insights for optimizing treatment outcomes, and emerging, concepts of AF.

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