World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

AMOXICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY: UNVEILING A HIDDEN ADVERSE REACTION

Srujana M.*, Varsha V. Bolar, Dr. Adarsh V. V. and Dr. Roshan M.

ABSTRACT

Amoxicillin, a commonly used penicillin-class antibiotic, is effective against various infections. However, it can cause hypersensitivity reactions ranging from mild skin rashes to severe systemic responses. A 44-year-old female with no significant medical history was prescribed amoxicillin 500 mg for heat boils. On day 4 of treatment, she developed a rash on her palms, hands, lips, and legs, followed by skin discoloration, peeling, generalized weakness, and a loss of consciousness. Clinical examination revealed elevated blood pressure, hyperpigmented lesions, and skin peeling scars. Blood investigations showed raised inflammatory markers. MRI findings suggested chronic small vessel ischemia. A Naranjo Adverse Reaction Probability Scale assessment indicated a probable adverse drug reaction to amoxicillin. The drug was discontinued, and the patient was managed conservatively with dermatological treatments, antihypertensive medication, neurological evaluation, and physiotherapy. Beta-lactam antibiotics, including amoxicillin, are associated with hypersensitivity reactions, potentially life-threatening. Early detection, prompt discontinuation of the offending drug, and appropriate management are crucial. This case highlights the importance of recognizing amoxicillin-induced hypersensitivity reactions and suggests that careful patient history, skin testing, and close monitoring are essential to prevent adverse outcomes. Reporting such cases contributes to pharmacovigilance efforts and promotes safer medication practices.

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