World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A REVIEW OF FLUORIDE TOXICITY IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Anjani Rani*

ABSTRACT

Fluoride is one of the common aquatic water pollutants presented from industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and even municipal discharges. Although it plays a vital role in some biological processes at low concentration, fluoride can be highly toxic at high concentration and may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. This review compiles available knowledge on fluoride toxicity in different forms of aquatic organisms, including fish, invertebrates, and plants. We discuss the physiological, reproductive, and behavioral effects of fluoride, those factors that modulate its toxicity, and its movement through aquatic food webs. Finally, this review underscores the need for strict regulatory standards and further research on the long-term effects of fluoride exposure on aquatic biodiversity.

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