World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF DIABETES MANAGEMENT: IMPLICATIONS FOR MEDICAL STAFF - REVIEW ARTICLE

Ghadeer Ghazi Alkhabbaz*, Abdulaziz Ahmad Alrashidi and Osamah Musa Almutairi, Zaid Helal Alanazi, Sultan Sulaman E Alharbi, Mshaweh Mohammed Alshammry, Maha Mahdi Alanazi

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes is a pressing global health crisis, with approximately 387 million people affected worldwide, reflecting an 8.3% prevalence rate. The majority of these individuals live in low- and middle-income countries and are in the 40–59 age group. In China and India, the prevalence is notably high, and certain genetic and lifestyle factors exacerbate the risk of diabetes and related conditions. Aim: This review aims to provide an updated analysis of diabetes management, focusing on emerging therapies, the role of medical staff, and the implications of new technologies and treatments in improving patient outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate current therapies for diabetes management, including pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and technological interventions. The review also examines secondary forms of diabetes and the role of novel therapeutic approaches like stem cell technology, gene therapy, and nanotechnology. Results: The review highlights the effectiveness and limitations of various diabetes therapies, including traditional medications like metformin and sulfonylureas, and newer treatments such as incretin mimetics and combination therapies. It also discusses advancements in nanotechnology, stem cell research, and gene therapy, noting their potential to transform diabetes treatment. Conclusion: Effective diabetes management requires a multifaceted approach that includes optimizing existing therapies and integrating new technologies. While advancements in nanotechnology, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy offer promising avenues for treatment, challenges such as safety, cost, and technological limitations persist. Medical staff must stay abreast of these developments to provide comprehensive care and improve patient outcomes.

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