World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

ABSTRACT

Summary: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in elderly men, characterised by prostate enlargement and subvesical obstruction (SBO). The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory effect of fresh AS juice on a mouse model of BPH. Materials and methods: Male mice were divided into four groups: group I: control (0.2 ml/kg olive oil), group II: BPH (0.072 mg/kg TE), group III: preventive (BPH + 20 mg/kg AS + 0.072 mg/kg TE) and group IV: curative (BPH + 0.072 mg/k TE + 20 mg/kg AS). BPH was induced by intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate (TE) and its action potentiated by the administration of b(a)p. At the end of the various treatments, the prostates were removed after the animals had been sacrificed, then weighed to determine the prostate weight index (PW). The blood sample was then used to count the number of blood components (haemogram), and the plasma levels of free TE, free PSA, CRP, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Phytochemical studies were carried out to determine polyphenol and flavonoid content. Differences between the control and treated groups were analysed using the Student's t-test. Results: We observed a significant decrease in prostate weight index (p<0.0024), TE-free levels in group III (p=0.0051) and IV (p=0.0253), PSA-free levels in group III (p=0, 0031) and IV (p=0.0289), IL-6 enzymatic activity in group III ( p= 0.0073) and TNF- α in group III and IV (p = 0.0093) after treatment with fresh AS juice, compared with group II. Phytochemical analysis of the fresh AS juice revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and reducing compounds. The highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids were observed in the stock solution (C1=20mg/mL), i.e. 588mgEAG/100gMS in polyphenol and 8.10mgERu/100gMS in flavonoids. Conclusion: Fresh AS juice, administered to animals either as a preventive or curative measure, attenuates the development of BPH by regulating inflammation of the prostate.