World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

PHARMACOGENOMICS

Dr. Noorin Fatima* and Mehrukh Fatima

ABSTRACT

Background: Pharmacogenomics merges pharmacology with genomics to tailor drug treatments based on individual genetic profiles, known as personalized medicine. Understanding genetic variants' impact on drug response is pivotal for maximizing pharmacogenomics' potential. Exploration: Pharmacogenomics investigates how genetic makeup influences drug response, focusing on genes related to drug metabolism, transport, and targets. Personalized treatment programs are crafted based on genetic variations to predict individual responses to medications. Medical Applications: Pharmacogenomics finds clinical utility across various medical specialties, notably in oncology for personalized cancer treatments, psychiatry for selecting antidepressants/antipsychotics, and cardiology for optimizing antiplatelet therapy in coronary intervention. Opportunities and Challenges: Despite promising potential, challenges such as standardizing testing protocols, integrating genetic data into health records, and ethical considerations remain. Advances in technology, reduced genetic testing costs, and initiatives like the Precision Medicine Initiative offer opportunities for pharmacogenomics. Conclusion: Pharmacogenomics offers personalized medicine by analyzing individual genetic traits to optimize drug efficacy and safety. Embracing this approach can revolutionize clinical decision-making, leading to improved patient outcomes.

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