World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

ABSTRACT

Summary: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostatic adenoma is a disorder characterized by enlargement of the prostate and obstructive symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and anti-oxidative effect of fresh AS juice extract on a mouse model of BPH. Materials and Methods: Mice were divided into four groups: group I: control (0.2 ml/kg olive oil), group II: BPH (0.072 mg/kg TE), group III: preventive (BPH + 20 mg/kg AS + 0.072 mg/kg TE) and group IV: curative (BPH + 0.072 mg/k TE + 20 mg/kg AS). BPH was induced by intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate (TE) and its action potentiated by the administration of b(a)p. At the end of the various treatments, the animals were sacrificed. The prostates were removed and weighed to determine the prostate weight index (PW). Serum levels of testosterone (free TE), prostate-specific antigen (free PSA) and the oxidative stress enzyme activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were then determined using enzyme immunoassay techniques. Phytochemical studies were carried out to determine polyphenol and flavonoid content. Results: The results show a significant reduction in the prostate weight index (PW) in groups III and IV (p<0.0024), serum levels of free TE hormones in groups III (p=0.0051) and IV (p=0.0253), and free PSA in groups III (p=0.0031) and IV (p=0.0289) after treatment with fresh AS juice, compared with group II. Administration of fresh AS juice resulted in a significant dose-dependent decrease in cystolic MDA levels in groups III (p=0.004) and IV (p=0.012). And a significant dose-dependent increase in the cystolic level of SOD in groups III (p=0.0001) and IV (p= 0.0077). Phytochemical analysis of fresh AS juice revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and reducing compounds. The highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids were observed in the stock solution (C1=20mg/mL), i.e. 588mgEAG/100gMS in polyphenol and 8.10mgERu/100gMS in flavonoids. Conclusion: Fresh AS juice, administered to animals either as a preventive or curative measure, attenuates the development of BPH by regulating oxidative stress in the prostate.