World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

REVIEW: THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT RELATED TO ENCEPHALITIS

Yash Srivastav* and Akhandnath Prajapati

ABSTRACT

Encephalitis is a meningitis-related inflammation of the brain parenchyma typically brought on by bacteria or viruses. The ability of viruses to infect the central nervous system (CNS) varies greatly. For instance, the rabies virus invariably and only results in CNS disease, whereas encephalitis is a less frequent symptom of infections brought on by the herpes simplex or varicella zoster viruses. The word "encephalitis" is a combination of the phrases "enkephalon," which in Greek means "brain," and "itis," which in Latin means "related to inflammation." Encephalitis is the term used to describe inflammation of the brain. Adult viral encephalitis affects 1.4 individuals per 100,000 years, according to a Finnish study. The most often identified pathogens as the culprits were the herpes simplex virus (16%), varicella zoster virus (5%), mumps virus (4%), and influenza a virus (4%). The bulk of encephalitis epidemics among children in India have historically been attributed to Japanese encephalitis. Many encephalitis epidemics with significant mortality rates were undetected until the first case was discovered in Jamshedpur, central India, in 1954. This review article investigates the pathophysiology, aetiology, management issues, and histopathology of encephalitis.

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