World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

CORRELATION OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND INSOMNIA WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN WOMEN: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL FROM NORTH INDIA

Premshanker Singh*, Manish Gupta, Dheeraj Kela, Manoj Kumar and Granth Kumar

ABSTRACT

Long-term sleep deprivation and insomnia is common in today's society. Recent experiments have demonstrated that short-term sleep deprivation and insomnia in healthy subjects results in adverse physiologic changes including a decreased glucose tolerance, an increased blood pressure and coronary artery disease. Observational studies indicate that insomnia may increase the risk of developing and/or dying from cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary artery disease (CAD). Long-term sleep deprivation and insomnia is common in today's society. The objective of this study was to determine whether decreased sleep duration and insomnia (from self-reports) is associated with an increased risk of coronary events. We studied a cohort of 7150 Indian female health professionals (aged 45-65 years) without reported coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline, who were enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study at UP University of Medical Sciences(UPUMS), India wef Apr 2008 to Ap 2017(09years) Subjects were mailed a questionnaire in 2008 asking about daily sleep duration. Subjects were followed up until Apr 2017 for occurrence of CHD-related events. We assessed the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and incident CHD. A total of 93 coronary events were documented (27 fatal and 66nonfatal) during the 09 years of follow up. Age-adjusted relative risks (95% confidence intervals) of CHD (with 8 hours of daily sleep being considered the reference group) for individuals reporting 5 or fewer, 6 and 7 hours of sleep were 1.82 (1.34-2.41), 1.30 (1.08-1.57) and 1.06 (0.89-1.26), respectively. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for 9 or more hours of sleep was 1.57 (1.18-2.11). After adjusting for various potential confounders including snoring, body mass index and smoking, the relative risks of CHD (95% confidence intervals) for individuals reporting 5 or fewer, 6, and 7 hours of sleep were 1.45 (1.10-1.92), 1.18 (0.98-1.42) and 1.09 (0.91-1.30), respectively. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for 9 or more hours of sleep was 1.38 (1.03-1.86). Short self-reported sleep duration and insomnia are independently associated with a modestly increased risk of coronary events. Insomnia, which is categorized by insomnia early, insomnia late and insomnia middle, is highly prevalent in adults, especially in the population older than 65 years old The prevalence of sleep deprivation and insomnia symptoms are approximately 30% to 35% worldwide and the effects can be devastating for both patients and society Anecdotal evidence suggests that sleep deprivation and insomnia is related to a range of other disorders, such as anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse and major depression.

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