World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

HEPATO-NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ELEUSINE INDICA (LINN) GAERTN. (POACEAE) AGAINST GENTAMICIN-INDUCED HEPATIC AND RENAL TOXICITY IN RAT

Tchoupou Tchinda Huguette, Ngueguim Tsofack Florence, Gounoue Kamkumo Raceline, Aboubakar Oumarou Bibi Farouck, Bella Ndzana Martin Thierry and Dimo Theophile*

ABSTRACT

Eleusine indica is traditionally used in Cameroonian folk medicine to treat several diseases including renal and hepatic disorders. The present study was to evaluate hepato-nephroprotective effects of Eleusine indica aqueous extract against gentamicin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rat. Rats were divided into control group and experimental group. Control group was pretreated intraperitoneally (ip) with saline 0.9 % (1 mL/100 g) during 10 days, while experimental group was pretreated by administration of gentamicin (ip route) at the dose of 100 mg/kg during 10 days. Animals of experimental group were then subdivided into four groups treated during twenty consecutive days as follow: control group: rats were treated with 0.9 % NaCl ip, negative group: rats were receiving gentamicin (100 mg/kg), positive group: rats were receiving gentamicin and aspirin (80 mg/kg), extract group I and II: rats were receiving gentamicin and Eleusine indica aqueous extract (100 and 200 mg/kg). The effects of Eleusine indica aqueous extract were evaluated after 30 days on liver, kidney and antioxidant parameters by colorimetric method. Histopathological examination of rat liver and kidney was done. Gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity by significant elevation in serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum levels of total bilirubin, total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG) and LDL, with significant reduction of HDL as compared to control rats. Nephrotoxicity was evidenced by elevation in serum levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid and potassium (K+), with significant reduction of sodium (Na+) as compared to control rats. MDA and nitrites levels were significantly increased in gentamicin-injected group, while catalase and SOD activities and GSH level were significantly decreased as compared to control rats. The histopathologic studies of liver of rats injected with gentamicin revealed leucocytic cells infiltration, fibrosis and dilatation of sinusoidal capillaries, while kidneys showed fibrosis, leucocytic cells infiltration. Eleusine indica aqueous extract has corrected various modifications of biochemical and oxidative markers evaluated. This study shows that Eleusine indica aqueous extract can correct gentamicin-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rats and attenuates liver and kidneys damages caused by gentamicin injection and oxidative stress.

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