Abstract
EFFECT OF FRACTIONATED BITTERMELON (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA) SEED EXTRACT ON GLYCEMIC STATUS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Zamiruddin Ansari*, Zeba Parween and Shree Ram Padmadeo
ABSTRACT
Bittermelon (Momordica charantia) or bittergourd commonly known as “Karella” (family: Cucurbitaceae) has been proved for hypoglycemic effects. The objective of the present studies was to examine the long term effect of fractionated bittermelon (Momordica charantia) seed extract on glycemic status in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. To evaluate the glycemic control of bittermelon, blood glucose level, urine volume, urine sugar, water intake, diet intake, gain in body weight, kidney weight, glomerular filtration rate and important parameter of kidney functions and serum electrolytes were monitored in experimental animals. Water consumption, urine volume and urine sugar were significantly higher in diabetic controls compared to normal rats. Renal hypertrophy, nephrotoxicity, increased glomerular filtration rate and electrolytic imbalance is observed in diabetic rats. Fraction designated as MCK3 were administered to experimental rats intraperitoneally at a dose of 15mg/kg b. wt. for 20 days while the control group received equivalent volume of saline under ideal condition (n=6 in each case), Biochemical parameters related to glycemic control were estimated in MCK3 treated alloxan-induced diabetic rats. MCK3 treatment resulted in reduction of blood glucose level, water intake, diet intake, gain in body weight, reduction in urine volume, and urine sugar level, decrease in kidney weight and glomerular filtration rate, reduction in serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes level at 3 h after treatment. These results clearly provided experimental evidence of nephroprotective and normoelectrolytic effect of fraction MCK3 from bittermelon seed extract which is comparable to insulin treatment. The active hypoglycemic principle(s) present in bittermelon seeds improved glycamic status and is able to alleviate kidney damage and electrolytic imbalance caused by alloxan-induced diabetes.
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