World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF VENTRAL INCISIONAL HERNIA PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROTOMY

*Dr. Qasim Mohammed Faraj, Dr. Mohammed Hassen Ubaid and Dr. Basim Abdulhussein Talib

ABSTRACT

Incisional hernia is the second most common type of hernia after inguinal hernia. It is a complication of abdominal surgery, reported in up to 11% of patients generally and in up to 20% of those who developed post-operative wound infection. The list of predictive factors associated with development of incisional hernia is obesity, diabetes mellitus, steroid, smoking, old age, malnutrition, COPD and type of incision. This hospital based cross sectional observational study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and clinical presentation of incisional hernia to reduce its occurrence by developing a preventive strategy to patients undergoing laparotomy. It was carried out from February 2018 to October 2019 in surgery department of Al-shahid Al-Sadr General hospital-Baghdad / Iraq on 80 patients diagnosed with incisional hernia. Results in the present study showed that the mean age of study subjects was 51.25±10.54 years. Around two-third 67.5% were females. 46.3% of perforation and 32.4% of LSCS cases later developed to incisional hernia. Risk factors profile showed that 6.2% were alcoholic, 28.7% smokers, 48.7% overweight and 4.7% were obese, 23.7% were hypertensive, 51.2% diabetic, and 12.4% had constipation. 26.3% had prolonged cough, 37.5% had surgical site infection and 42.6% had anemia. Clinical presentation of study subjects showed that 60% had swelling, 34% had swelling and pain and 6% had obstruction. It can be concluded that incisional hernia is more common in female than males and in cases above the age of 45 years. It is more common in patients who underwent the previous surgery on an emergency basis especially in perforation and obstruction and LSCS cases. Risk factors associated with incisional hernia are smoker, alcoholic, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, constipation, prolong cough and anemia.

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