World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A REVIEW ON LOCAL ANAESTHETICS

Sharma S.*

ABSTRACT

Local anaesthesia is the simplest form of anaesthesia. It is defined as the infiltration of local anaesthesia, usually lidocaine, directly into the tissues, causing numbness of the skin and surrounding tissue targeted for surgery, with or without outpatient oral medication for analgesia, sedation or to reduce anxiety. This definition of local anaesthesia allows for the use of medication approved for patient self-administration at home. When used properly, local anaesthetics are safe and have few major side effects. However, in high doses, local anaesthetics can have toxic effects caused by their being absorbed through the blood stream into the rest of the body, so-called systemic toxicity. This may significantly affect breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure and other body functions.

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