World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

HYDROGRAPHIC, HYDROCHIMIC DYNAMICS OF THE LAKE SYSTEM OF THE BASIN OF LAKE-FITRI

Loukman Bichara*, Nakolendousse Samuel, Pierre Deschamps, Paulin Chloé, Mahamat Seid Ali and Nguinambaye Mberdoum Memti

ABSTRACT

The principal objective of this study consists in determining the hydrous assessment and to make the state of the chemical quality of water of the aquifer. It specifies the sources of food of the lake, and determines its genesis. The hydrological and physicochemical analyses of water were carried out on 22 water points distributed as follows: 2 water samples of well, 18 drillings with human motricity and 2 samples of the lake Fitri. The samples were composed and balanced. Measurements in-situ (temperature, conductivity and pH) were made by the WTW350i multi-parameter. The food of the lake is annually assured during two or three months by seasonal rivers. The flows, precipitations and evaporation constitute the principal factors of the assessment of the water of the lake. The average temperature of water of the lake taken is of 25°C. That of subsoil waters turns around 29°C. They vary from 24.5°C with Amgogana and Ngaré with 32,4°C with Djamena-.Bilala, ATI-Ardébé, Mangbatoa and Beptongo. These values seem to be controls by the exothermic physicochemical reactions. The values of electric conductivity are very heterogeneous and lie between 125 ?S/cm and 14085 ?S/cm. The increase in these values in the direction of the flow, is controlled by the influence of lithological nature more or less evaporitic. In the whole of sampled water, the measured average pH is around 7.30. It varies from 6,12 to 8,12. The lowest values are observed in the zone of Taba, Mabardé and Zaladja and highest in the zones of N`Djamena-.Bilala and lake-1.

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