World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

UTERINE EFFECTS OF THE ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF BIDENS PILOSA (ASTERACEAE)

Frida Longo*, A. Donmeza, Siméon F. Kouam, M. Spiteller and S. Rakotonirina

ABSTRACT

Bidens pilosa is an asteracean very useful is traditional medicine. The effects of its ethyl acetate fraction were performed on rat uterine muscle. The phytochemical study was performed by HPLC-MS technique. The estrogenic and uterotonic potency were investigated. Five adult female mice received a single dose of 2000 mg/kg for the acute toxicity test. Eighteen days old immature female Wistar rats in four groups of 6 for uterotrophic test. For 3 consecutive days, once a day, two test groups received the plant extract (625 & 1250mg/kg), the reference group received estradiol valerate (1mg/kg) (Progynova® 2mg) and the control group received DMSO1%. The extract uterotonic properties were ran on adult female pregnant rats. Control and test groups received respectively DMSO1%, 625 & 1250mg/kg /day. The chromatography profile revealed the presence of two known bioactive flavonoids, namely Iso-Okanin 7-O-?-D-(2??,4??,6??-triacetyl)-glycopyranoside and Okanin 4?-O-?-D-(4??,6??-diacetyl)-glucopyranoside. The acute toxicity test failed to kill mice g, indicating a lower toxicity level of the extract. The increased (p<0.05) of the wet uterine and ovaries weight gain, especially at dose 1250mg/kg were noted; Uterine horn?s morphology and tissue architecture were also remodelled (vs. estradiol 1mg/kg) and the ovarian cholesterol level decreased (p<0.001) in a dose dependant manner. Bidens pilosa induced dams? body weight gain decrease (p<0.001) and a shortening of the pregnancy duration; The term of pregnancy nor the number of offspring?s per litter, their body weight and survival index stayed unchanged. Bidens pilosa leave?s ethyl acetate fraction presented a lower toxicity activity and a high estrogenic and uterotonic potency, superior to the aqueous extract effect firstly observed.

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