World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY BIOASSAY OF GARCINIA BRASILIENSIS LEAVES EXTRACTS

Shereen Sunny*

ABSTRACT

The total ethanolic extract of leaves of Garcinia brasiliensis was fractioned using solvents in increasing order of polarity. All the extracts of the plant and the isolated fraction obtained from ethyl acetate fraction were screened for their cytotoxicity by using brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia nauplii) lethality bioassay. The toxicity was assessed in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). 10 nauplii were taken in each solution of varying concentration for the leaf extracts. Brine shrimps were checked for the mortality after 24 hrs period, surviving brine shrimps were counted and LC50 was determined using probit analysis method, as the measure of toxicity of the plant extract. The ethyl acetate fraction GE has the least toxicity to the brine shrimp with the high LC50 value of 223.87mcg/ml compared to the other fractions. The isolated fraction GEA from the ethylaceate fraction shows an LC50 value of 275.42mcg/ml, making it less cytotoxic than the ethyl acetate fraction GE. The results show that both ethyl acetate fraction and the isolated fraction GEA are safer. Further investigation is needed to study the acute and subacute toxicity of the extracts for its safe application to the humans.

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