World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

BIOCHEMICAL ROLE OF ELECTROLYTE EXCRETION IN AMINOGLYCOSIDE NEPHROTOXICITY

*Ohadoma S. C. and Eban L. K.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To access the role of electrolyte excretion in aminoglycoside renal demage using experimental rats. Methods: Six groups each comprising five glycerol-pretreated and non-glycerol-pretreated rats were employed. In the later, Group 1 served as control and received normal saline (1 ml/kg body weight) intraperitioneally (ip). Groups II, III, IV, V and VI received Netilmicin, gentamycin, frusemide, netilmicin + gentamycin, and netilmicin + frusemide ip respectively. While in the former (glycerols-pretreated ), Groups II, III, IV, V and VI received netilmicin, gentamycin, frusemide, netilmicin + gentamycin and netilmicin +gentamycin + frusemide ip respectively. Electrolytes were determine using EEL Model 920 chloride meter and EEL flame photometer for alkali metal ions in the urine samples. Reproducible data were analyzed with a digital Vax/Vms computer using Monitab programme for the one-way analysis of variance and student T-test. Results: in the non-glycerol pretreated animals, only those that received gentamicin excreted significantly (p?0.05) more urinary chloride, caused a slight increase in urinary potassium excretion, and increased the urinary excretion of sodium than the control. While in glycerol-pretreated animals, only those that received netilmicin + gentamycin showed similar urinary chloride excretion to the control but a marked increase in the urinary excretion of potassium in those that received netilmicin alone; and netilmicin produced a decrease (unlike gentamicin) in urinary sodium excretion. Conclusion: Renal excretion of electrolytes indicate progressive renal damage, yet its sensitivity was not high enough based on the large standard of error, as a biochemical parameter for measuring aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.

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