World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION AMONG SAUDI PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, AT KING ABDULAZIZ MEDICAL CITY, RIYADH

Tarig Karar, Saad Al-Bawardi, Rayyan Otaibi, M. A. Fattah, Ahmad Abu Jaffal, Mohammed Al Mutairi and Shoeb Qureshi*

ABSTRACT

The main objectives of the study were to: 1. Estimate the frequency of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) among patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and to study types of CVD, 2. Correlate between glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c and lipid profile among patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review study was conducted at Department of Clinical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period from January 2014 to March 2014, including 100 male and female patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases. These patients were admitted to the hospital in the month of January, 2014. Medical history and biochemical laboratory data were obtained from medical records and from biochemistry laboratory database. Statistical analysis on frequency analysis, independent t test and correlation test was conducted using SPSS software version 20. Results: Result showed high frequency (80%) of glycemic index and hypertension among patients and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common cause of CVD. Significant positive correlations were observed between HbA1c with cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose FBG (r=0.20 P=0.048), (r=0.38 P=0.000), (r=0.39 P=0.000) respectively. The increase in mean level of HbA1C, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, troponin T, and FBG were 8.6 %, 1.8 mmol/L, 1.0 mmol/L,3.13 mmol/L, 4.9 and 14.4 mmol/L respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that uncontrolled DM and hypertension could be considered significant factors for CVD. Therefore, good glycemic control and normal blood pressure lead to minimize the development of CVD among these patients. Furthermore HbA1c could be used as predictor for diabetic dyslipidemia. The findings of this study clearly suggest that CAD is the most common type of CVD.

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